The first atomic bombs were developed in the USA towards the end of the Second World War by a brilliant team of scientists under the leadership of Robert Oppenheimer (1904-1967). His colleagues included Leo Szilard (1898-1964) and Otto Frisch (1904-1979). Together they created the first two A-bombs, hich were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan in 1945 with devastating effect.